Proceedings of the International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products, Singapore, 1989
About The Singapore Conference
PREFACE
It gives me great pleasure and is an honor to welcome you, on behalf of the National University of Singapore, to this International Conference on Fumigation and Controlled Atmosphere Storage of Grain.
The storage of grain free from insect infestation and damage is of the utmost importance to many nations. Millions of dollars could be lost if grain is not protected from pest attack. I am glad that we have here with us a group of distinguished scientists whose expertise is in the field of fumigation and controlled atmosphere storage of grain. I look forward as you no doubt do, to meeting then and to learning of the advances that have been made in this most important field over the last few years.
It is gratifying to see the large number of participants in this conference, and to know that most of the continents of the world are represented among them. Our delegates come from academic institutions, research organizations, and trade and industry, as well as government agencies. I am particularly pleased to note that the Dependent of Zoology of the National University of Singapore is well represented. Our Department is deeply involved in research in insect control in grain storage. We work closely with industry so that the outcome of the research can be applied to trade and commerce in a tangible way. Besides contributing to the various topics of discussion, which I believe you will find fruitful and challenging, I hope you will take the opportunity to do some sightseeing during your stay in Singapore. I would also like to urge you to participate in two activities that Singaporeans enjoy doing in their leisure eating and shopping. Welcome to Singapore. May your stay be enjoyable, and nay the conference be stimulating and productive for you. Thank you.
Dr S.H. Ho, Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore.
Table of Contents Full-Papers
Requirements for Fumigation and Controlled Atmospheres
as Options for Pest and Quality Control in Stored Grain
P.C. Annis
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Current Scope and Usage of Fumigation and Controlled
Atmospheres for Pest Control in Stored Products
E.J. Bond
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Fumigation and Controlled Atmospheres as Components of
Integrated Commodity Management in the Tropics
J.E. van S. G r a v
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Toxic Gas Treatment Responses of Insect Pests of Stored
Products and Impact on the Environment
Ch. Reichmuth
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Responses of Fungi to Modified Atmospheres
Ailsa D. Hocking
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Biochemical Effects of Storage Atmospheres on Grain
and Grain Quality
P.W. Gras and M.L. Bason
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Behaviour of Gases in Grain Storages
H J. Banks
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Specification and Design of Enclosures for Gas Treatment
C.J.E. Newman
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Recent Developments in Controlled Atmosphere Technology
E. G. Jay, H.J. Banks and D. W. keever
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Recent Developments in Fumigation Technology, with
Emphasis on Phosphine
R.G. Winks
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Generation and Application of Modified Atmospheres and
Fumigants for the Control of Storage Insects
S. Navarro and E. Donahaye
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The Current Status of Fumigation and Controlled
Atmosphere Storage Technologies in China
Liang Quan
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The Current Status of Fumigation and Controlled
Atmosphere Storage Technologies in China
Liang Quan
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Storage of Bagged Maize Sealed in Plastic Enclosures
in the Philippines
G.C. Sabto, D. Alvindia, D.D. JuIian, R. Murillo Jr., and M.S. Sambrano
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Carbon Dioxide Treatment for Sealed Storage of Bag Stacks
of Rice in Thailand
Chuwit Sukprakarn, Krauawan Attaviriyasook,
Lamaimaat Khowchaimaha, Kanjana Bhudhasamai, and
Boodsara Promsatit
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Commercial Experience of Sealed Storage of
Bag Stacks in Indonesia
Yun C. Nataredja and R.J. Hodges
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Sealed Storage of Bag Stacks: Status of the Technology
P.C. Annis
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Regulatory Policies, Technology, and Related Factors
Affecting the Use of Fumigants and Controlled Atmospheres
C.L. storey
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Use of Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation
as a Management Tool for Grain Stocks:
the Problems and Prospects
R.J. Delmenico
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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Stock Preservation Systems. A
Comparison of Controlled Atmosphere and the Use of
Conventional Pesticides under Operational Conditions in
Indonesia
J.A. Conway, M.K. Mitchell, M. Gunawan, and Yusuf Faishal
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Needs for R & D in Fumigation and Controlled Atmospheres
for Grain Storage
H.J. Banks
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Long-term storage of bag stacks in plastic
enclosures: an operations manual for carbon
dioxide fumigation
P.C. Annis and J. van S. Graver
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Current Strategies for the use of Controlled
Atmospheres for the Disinfestation of Grain under
UK Conditions
C.H. Bell, E.C. Spratt, and B.E. Llewellin
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Problems and New Approaches for the Use of
Phosphine as a Grain Fumigant in the U.K.
C.H. Bell, B. Chakrabarti, and K.A. Mills
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Eating Qualities of Milled Rice under Carbon
Dioxide Storage
Ab. Rahim Muda and Faridah Mat Elah
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Relating Sensory Evaluation to Other
Quality Factors in Stored Rice
P.W. Gras and M.L. Bason, L.A. Esteves, A.M. del Mundo
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Seed Viability under Different Storage Conditions
Darka Hamel
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Susceptibility of Liposcelis entomophilus
(Enderlain) to Carbon Dioxide
Edmund C.W. Leong and S.H. Ho
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Use of Phosphine to Control Storage Insects in Rice
Pitoon Urairong, Kitiya Kitkuandee, Prasoot Sittisuang,
and Nipon Makatan
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Flexible PVC Liners for Hermetic or Modified
Atmosphere Storage of Stacked Commodities
E. Donahaye and S. Navarro
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On-farm Sealed Storage in Western Australia:
a Progress Report
C.R. Newman
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The Toxic Action of Phosphine, Methyl Bromide,
Methyl Chloroform, and Carbon Dioxide, Alone and
as Mixtures, Against the Pupae of Tribolium
castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
S. Rajendran
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Post-fumigation Productivity of Some Stored
Products Insects
S. Rajendran
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Management of Stored Product Pests by Controlled
Atmosphere using Biogas
B.D. Shukla and A. Dakshinamurthy
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Fumigation of Dried Cocoa Beans Against
Insect Pests of Storage
A. Sivapragasam and Mohd. Azmi
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Fumigation of Wheat in a High Vertical Bin with a
Mixture of Methyl Bromide and Carbon Dioxide
Y. Carmi, L. Klein and S. Cohen
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'Wise Joseph Sacks': a Hermetic Storage System
for Small-Scale Use
A. Murray
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'Bubble' Fumigation: a New Concept
C.P. Smith
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